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The ultrasound machine transmits high-frequency (1 to 5 megahertz) sound pulses into your body using a probe. The sound waves travel into your body and hit a boundary between tissues (e.g. between fluid and soft tissue, soft tissue and bone). Some of the sound waves get reflected back to the probe, while some travel on further until they reach another boundary and get reflected. The reflected waves are picked up by the probe and relayed to the machine. The machine calculates the distance from the probe to the tissue or organ and the time of the each echo's return (usually on the order of millionths of a second) and forms a two dimensional image for interpretation by a skilled Radiologist.

Ultrasound exams don’t utilize ionizing radiation (as utilized as a part of x-beams). Ultrasound pictures are caught continuously and can demonstrate the normality or abnormality of organs, and additionally the blood flow within them.